CONCEPTS IN THERMAL PHYSICS

  • Introduction
    • What is a mole?
    • The thermodynamic limit
    • The ideal gas
    • Combinatorial problems
    • Plan of the book
    • Exercises
  • Heat
    • A definition of heat
    • Heat capacity
    • Exercises
  • Probability
    • Discrete probability distributions
    • Continuous probability distributions
    • Linear transformation
    • Variance
    • Linear transformation and the variance
    • Independent variables
    • Binomial distribution
    • Exercises
  • Temperature and the Boltzmann Factor
    • Thermal equilibrium
    • Thermometers
    • The microstates and macrostates
    • A statistical definition of temperature
    • Ensembles
    • Canonical ensemble
    • Applications of the Boltzmann distribution
  • The Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution
    • The velocity distribution
    • The speed distribution
    • Experimental justification
  • Pressure
  • Molecular effusion
  • The mean free path and collisions
  • Transport properties in gases
  • The thermal diffusion equation
    • Derivation of the thermal diffusion equation
    • The one-dimensional thermal diffusion equation
    • The steady state
    • The thermal diffusion equation for a sphere
    • Newton’s law of cooling
    • The Prandtl number
    • Sources of heat
    • Particle diffusion
    • Exercises
  • Energy
  • Isothermal and adiabatic processes
  • Heat Engines and the Second law
  • Entropy
  • Information Theory
  • Thermodynamic potentials
  • Rods, Bubbles and magnets
  • The Third law
  • Equipartition of Energy
  • The partition function
  • Statistical mechanics of an Ideal Gas
  • The chemical Potential
  • Photons
  • Phonons
  • Relativistic gases
  • Cooling real gas
  • Phase transitions
  • Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac Distributions
  • Quantum gases and condensates
  • Sound waves
  • Shock waves
  • Brownian motion and fluctuations
  • Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics
  • Stars
  • Compact objects
  • Earth’s Atmosphere
  • A Fundamental constants
  • B Useful formulae
  • C Useful Mathematics
  • D The electromagnetic spectrum
  • E Some Thermodynamic Definition
  • F Thermodynamic expansion formulae
  • G Reduced mass